Effect of Two Kinds of Compound Rhizosphere Growth-promoting Bacteria on Growth，Physiological Characteristics and Pharmacodynamic Components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the effects of foliar spraying of two kinds of compound rhizosphere growth-promoting agents on the growth and physiological characteristics of Angelicae Sinensis Radix （ASR）， as well as the pharmacodynamic components， in order to lay a foundation for providing functional microbial agents for ecological cultivation of ASR. MethodThe compound growth-promoting agents T1 （Pseudomonas CBS5， CBS7 and CBSB） and T2 （Bacillus 5C1， 5C5 and 5C7） with the concentration of 1×108 CFU·mL-1 were sprayed on the leaf surface of the field， and the sterile potato glucose broth medium was used as the control （CK）. The plant growth indexes of ASR were measured by conventional methods， the photosynthetic physiological indexes of ASR were measured by portable photosynthetic measurement system， the enzyme activities of plants and microorganisms were measured by kit method， and the endogenous hormone levels were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The contents of ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， coniferyl ferulate， senkyunolide A and Z-ligustilide were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. ResultCompared with CK， the two compound inoculants could promote the growth of ASR and increase the biomass， increase the leaf net photosynthetic rate， stomatal conductance， intercellular CO2 concentration， transpiration rate， increase catalase， peroxidase， superoxide dismutase， polyamine oxidase， diamine oxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities， increase endogenous jasmonic acid， cytokinin and gibberellin levels in plants， increase the contents of ferulic acid， senkyunolide A and Z-ligustilide， reduce the contents of malondialdehyde and abscisic acid， and reduce the incidence of root rot. ConclusionFoliar spraying of two kinds of rhizosphere compound growth-promoting agents can promote the growth， photosynthesis and stress resistance of ASR， and can improve the quality of ASR in different degrees. Comprehensive analysis shows that T1 treatment is better than T2 treatment in the growth-promoting and quality-enhancing of ASR.

Application of PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are treated in a variety of ways. In addition to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, breakthroughs have been made in immune checkpoint inhibitors, in particular, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors have achieved survival benefits for NSCLC patients, and some of them have been approved as first-line drugs by the US Food and Drug Administration. Currently, commonly used PD-L1 inhibitors are atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab. Combination therapies include combination with chemotherapy, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs, molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

Inhibitory effect of rosmarinic acid on high glucose-induced angiogenesis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) on high glucose-induced angiogenesis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMEC) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway-related proteins.Methods:The HRMEC were divided into control group, high glucose group, high glucose+ low concentration RA group, high glucose+ medium concentration RA group, and high glucose+ high concentration RA group, and were cultured in vitro with conventional medium, 30 mmol/L D-glucose medium, 30 mmol/L D-glucose+ 25 μmol/L RA medium, 30 mmol/L D-glucose+ 50 μmol/L RA medium and 30 mmol/L D-glucose+ 100 μmol/L RA medium accordingly.The 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect the cell proliferation.Transwell assay was performed to detect the cell migration.Matrigel assay was employed to determine the tube formation ability of cells.Western blot was utilized to detect the expression levels of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck like protein (ASC) and cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-1 (Caspase-1). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to detect the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in supernatant of cell culture. Results:The cell proliferation rate, the number of migrated cells and the number of formed tubes were (100.00±0.92)%, 37.67±9.02 and 45.00±4.58 in the control group, (163.56±1.46)%, 117.33±7.23 and 95.00±9.54 in the high glucose group, (152.29±2.90)%, 78.67±4.04 and 84.67±1.53 in the high glucose+ low concentration RA group, (147.72±2.22)%, 65.33±4.16 and 71.00±3.61 in the high glucose+ medium concentration RA group, (132.47±0.74)%, 52.67±6.81 and 60.00±1.00 in the high glucose+ high concentration RA group, respectively.There were statistically significant differences in cell proliferation rate, the number of migrated cells and formed tubes among all groups ( F=537.07, 64.63, 45.58; all at P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the cell proliferation rate, the number of migrated cells and formed tubes were significantly increased in the high glucose group, high glucose+ low concentration RA group, high glucose+ medium concentration RA group and high glucose+ high concentration RA group, showing statistical significances (all at P<0.05). Compared with the high glucose group, the cell proliferation rate, the number of migrated cells and formed tubes were significantly decreased in the different concentrations RA groups (all at P<0.05). With the increase of RA concentration, the cell proliferation rate, the number of migrated cells and formed tubes were decreased, and there were statistical differences among high glucose+ low/medium/high concentrations RA groups (all at P<0.05). There were significantly differences in the relative expression levels of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 proteins in cells and the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 in cell culture supernatant among all the five groups ( F=145.12, 422.82, 463.79, 2 019.96, 33 406.97; all at P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the relative expression levels of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 proteins as well as the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 in cell culture supernatant were significantly increased in the high glucose group, high glucose+ low concentration RA group, high glucose+ medium concentration RA group and high glucose+ high concentration RA group (all at P<0.05). Compared with the high glucose group, the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 proteins as well as the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 were decreased in the different concentrations RA groups, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). With the increase of RA concentration, the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 proteins as well as the concentrations of IL-1β and IL-18 were decreased, and there were statistically significant differences among high glucose+ low/medium/high concentrations RA groups (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:RA can inhibit proliferation, migration and tube formation of HRMEC induced by high glucose, and inhibit high glucose-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway.

Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers, Especially Fibrinogen to Albumin Ratio, Predict Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer / Journal of the Korean Cancer Association, 대한암학회지

Purpose@#Systemic inflammatory response is a critical factor that promotes the initiation and metastasis of malignancies including pancreatic cancer (PC). This study was designed to determine and compare the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC. @*Materials and Methods@#Three hundred fifty-three patients with resectable PC and 807 patients with locally advan-ced or metastatic PC were recruited in this study. These patients were classified into a training set (n=758) and a validation set (n=402). Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze prognosis. @*Results@#Overall survival (OS) was significantly better for patients with resectable PC with low preoperative PLR (p=0.048) and MLR (p=0.027). Low FAR, MLR, NLR (p < 0.001), and PLR (p=0.003) were significantly associated with decreased risk of death for locally advanced or metastatic PC patients. FAR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.522; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.261 to 1.837; p < 0.001) and MLR (HR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.017 to 1.532; p=0.034) were independent prognostic factors for locally advanced or metastatic PC. @*Conclusion@#The prognostic roles of FAR, MLR, NLR, and PLR in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC were different. FAR showed the most prognostic power in locally advanced or metastatic PC. Low FAR was positively correlated with OS in locally advanced or metastatic PC, which could be used to predict the prognosis.

Physalin B reduces Aβ secretion through down-regulation of BACE1 expression by activating FoxO1 and inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation / 中国天然药物

Physalin B (PB), one of the major active steroidal constituents of Solanaceae Physalis plants, has a wide variety of biological activities. We found that PB significantly down-regulated β-amyloid (Aβ) secretion in N2a/APPsw cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In the current study, we investigated the changes in key enzymes involved in β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism and other APP metabolites by treating N2a/APPsw cells with PB at different concentrations. The results indicated that PB reduced Aβ secretion, which was caused by down-regulation of β-secretase (BACE1) expression, as indicated at both the protein and mRNA levels. Further research revealed that PB regulated BACE1 expression by inducing the activation of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In addition, the effect of PB on BACE1 expression and Aβ secretion was reversed by treatment with FoxO1 siRNA and STAT3 antagonist S3I-201. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that PB can effectively down-regulate the expression of BACE1 to reduce Aβsecretion by activating the expression of FoxO1 and inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3.

Current status of organophosphorus pesticide residues in root and rhizome medicinal materials and research progress of rapid detection methods / 中国中药杂志

The medicinal plants with roots and rhizomes as the medicinal parts account for about 1/3 of Chinese medicinal herbs. Root and rhizome medicinal materials are widely used in clinical practice, whereas their wild resource reserves are insufficient to meet the market demand. With the expansion of planting areas, the formation of large-scale production areas, and the increase in planting years, diseases and insect pests of these medicinal plants, which are diverse and have broad transmission routes, strong concealment, and heavy damage, have become more and more serious. The prevention and control of these diseases and insect pests is characterized by multiple ways of pesticide application, large consumption of pesticides, susceptibility to soil barrier, difficulty in the control, and unstable control efficiency. Organophosphorus pesticides(OPPs) are widely used in the cultivation of Chinese medicinal plants because of their diverse varieties, broad-spectrum, good efficacy, and low residues, and have a positive effect on the yield and quality of Chinese medicinal materials. However, the abuse of OPPs not only increases the planting cost, but also affects the quality and safety of Chinese medicinal plants, the safety of clinical use of Chinese medicine, and the ecological safety of production areas. This paper reviewed the research and development progress of OPPs, the registration status of OPPs used in root and rhizome medicinal materials, residue limit standards, residue status, and rapid detection technology progress of OPPs. This review aims to provide research ideas and references for standardizing the use of OPPs in root and rhizome medicinal materials, reducing OPP residues, and establishing a fast, efficient, accurate, and reliable method for the detection of OPP residues in Chinese herbal medicine.

Anti-hemorrhoidal activity of Lian-Zhi-San, a traditional Chinese medicine, in an experimental hemorrhoidal model in rats / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is the most common proctological disease, with an estimated prevalence rate of 4.4%, and a peak in individuals between 45 and 65 years of age. This study was done to evaluate whether Lian-Zhi-San (LZS), a clinically used anti-hemorrhoidal ointment could alleviate the inflammatory injury, with its associated changes of inflammatory cytokines and morphology of anorectal tissues, in an experimental model of HD in rats.@*METHODS@#HD was induced by croton oil preparation (COP) applied to the anorectal region. Rats were then treated with cotton swabs soaked in LZS ointment, water or white vaseline, twice a day for 7 d. At the end of the experiment, HD was evaluated by measuring hemorrhoidal and biochemical parameters along with histopathological observations.@*RESULTS@#In this study, COP induced a significant increase in the macroscopic severity score, anorectal coefficient and Evans blue extravasation, compared to normal rats. Additionally, it greatly enhanced the expression and secretion levels of some important inflammation-related cytokines along with marked histological damage, compared to normal rats. Rats treated with LZS ointment experienced significantly ameliorated Evans blue extravasation (P < 0.05), decreased macroscopic severity score (0.86 ± 0.14 vs. 1.65 ± 0.16) and the anorectal coefficient (P < 0.01); its use also attenuated tissue damage and inhibited the expression and secretion levels of inflammation-related cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α).@*CONCLUSION@#This study validates a preliminary understanding of the use of LZS ointment to treat inflammatory factors and tissue damage in an experimental model of HD in rats.

Social network characteristics of gay men college students in Tianjin seeking sex partners / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#Based on the MSM college students in Tianjin, this study aims to explore the demographic and behavioral characteristics of MSM with different sexual partners, and to provide evidence and information for intervention in combination with social networks.@*Methods@#According to the source and access of seeking sexual partners, 546 MSM of Tianjin college students aged 18-24 in 2018 Jan. and 2019 Dec. were divided into internet-based MSM (396) and traditional MSM (150). Chi-square test and rank-sum test were used to compare the demographic information, sexual behavior characteristics, HIV prevention and testing awareness, and psychoactive substance use of the two MSMs, and Logistic regression was used to explore factors affecting college students use of the Internet for sexual partners.@*Results@#Internet-based MSM has advantages in receiving HIV testing and safety consulting services, AIDS knowledge level, and peer education in the past year (P<0.05). The psychoactive substance use of the survey population reached more than 40%, and the awareness rates of pre-exposure prophylaxis and post-exposure prophylaxis were 32.98% and 55.32%, respectively. After multivariate Logistic regression analysis, MSM students who had received condom distribution, AIDS counseling and peer education (OR=2.16, 1.98, P<0.01) were more inclined to use the Internet for sexual partners.@*Conclusion@#Relevant departments can use the Internet to intervene in the prevention and control of MSM in colleges and universities in terms of AIDS-related knowledge, HIV testing, and mental substances.

Soil ecological effect of attapulgite and its application prospect in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica / 中国中药杂志

The long-term and extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of Chinese materia medica has resulted in serious soil ecological and environmental problems such as secondary salinization, soil consolidation, soil acidification, continuous cropping obstacles, micro-ecological imbalance, and serious soil pests and diseases in the production areas of Chinese materia medica. Therefore, promoting the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica is the only way for the production of Chinese materia medica. Attapulgite(ATP) is a kind of water-rich magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral with layered and chain structure. It has abundant reserves in China, possesses nano-material properties, strong adsorption and ion exchange properties, and has huge high value utilization space. ATP and its functional products have the potential of water and fertilizer conservation, regulating soil structure and micro-ecology, and are widely used in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica. This paper reviews the resource distribution, structural characteristics, the research and application progress in soil ecological effects of ATP, and prospects the application prospects of it in the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica.

Analysis of the clinical characteristics of pheochromocytoma crisis / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective@#To analyze the clinical characteristics of pheochromocytoma crisis (PCC) .@*Methods@#Data of 123 cases of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) admitted from Apr. 2011 to Feb. 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and they were divided into crisis group and noncrisis group according to the patients with or without haemodynamic instability and end-organ damage. The differences of demographics characteristics, presentations, laboratory tests, imaging findings, perioperative clinical conditions and pathological features were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#①16 cases were enrolled into crisis group, among whom 5 were misdiagnosed, while 107 cases were enrolled into noncrisis group. ②Compared with noncrisis group, the incidence of headache, palpitation, sweating, the classic triad, other presentations of PPGL, severe hypertension and hypotension were higher, and more patients had paroxysmal hypertension and admitted to our hospital for paroxysmal presentations in crisis group (P<0.05) . ③Leukocyte, fasting blood glucose, liver transaminases, troponin and D-dimmer were higher, while estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was lower, more tumors located in the left of adrenal in crisis group (P<0.05) . ④ Patients in crisis group had higher plasma free metanephrines (MNs) , larger maximal tumor diameter, higher enhanced CT value in each period, more benign tumors and hemorrhage or necrosis in the tumors, but all the differences were not significant when compared with the noncrisis group. ⑤Patients in crisis group were more likely to undergo elective surgery. However, there was no difference in the preoperative time of α-blockade, type of surgery, intraoperative and postoperative complications, mortality among the two groups.@*Conclusions@#PCC is a rare endocrinological emergency with a highly variable manifestations, which commonly presents with typical triad, with higher incidence of hemodynamic instability and end-organ damage. Although biochemical and imaging examinations are relatively effective in the diagnosis of PCC, the misdiagnosis remains inappropriate high. Once the diagnosis is established, clinicians should timely start drug preparation while surgical resection is the key to the treatment of PCC.

The 472nd case: dyspnea, pulmonary shadows, abnormalities of whole blood cells / 中华内科杂志

A 54-year-old man was admitted to respiratory department with chief complaints of recurrent cough and dyspnea. Chest imaging showed multiple patchy shadows and interstitial changes. Evidence of infectious diseases was not definite, and antibiotic treatments were not effective. In the meantime, myelodysplasia syndrome was diagnosed with pancytopenia. The pathologic findings of transbronchoscopic lung biopsyshowed chronic inflammatory interstitial changes, suggesting a clinical diagnosis of organizing pneumonia. After glucocorticoids treatment, his condition aggravated. The second percutaneous lung biopsy showed the infiltration of a large number of neutrophils. Therefore, the final diagnosis of myelodysplasia syndrome with Sweet syndrome was made. Then glucocorticoids and supportive treatment were given This case may improve physicians' understanding of myelodysplasia syndrome complicated with Sweet syndrome.

Mechanism and recent progress of gastric cancer in immunological checkpoint inhibitors / 实用肿瘤学杂志

The treatment of gastric cancer is limited and the prognosis is poor. Tumor immunotherapy has been an effective new treatment for cancer in addition to surgery,chemotherapy,radiotherapy and targeted therapy because of its remarkable survival benefit. As one of the methods of tumor immunotherapy,immunological checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of various tumors,suggesting that the era of gastric cancer immunotherapy has arrived. This article describes the mechanism of action and related research progress of immunological checkpoint inhibitors in immunotherapy.

Maintenance treatment for advanced gastric cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

S-1 and capecitabine are relatively ideal agents for maintenance treatment of advanced gas-tric cancer. In clinical trials of using immune and targeted drugs for maintenance treatment of advanced gastric cancer,ipilimumab fails to obtain positive results,ramucirumab has not obtained research data,and trial regimens of maintenance treatment with trastuzumab,bevacizumab and avelumab have all shown initial efficacy. Traditional Chinese medicine therapy has shown some effectiveness in maintenance treatment,which still needs further researches.

Analysis of the clinical characteristics of pheochromocytoma crisis / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of pheochromocytoma crisis (PCC). Meth-ods Data of 123 cases of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) admitted from Apr. 2011 to Feb. 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and they were divided into crisis group and noncrisis group according to the pa-tients with or without haemodynamic instability and end-organ damage. The differences of demographics charac-teristics, presentations, laboratory tests, imaging findings, perioperative clinical conditions and pathological fea-tures were compared between the two groups. Results ①16 cases were enrolled into crisis group, among whom 5 were misdiagnosed, while 107 cases were enrolled into noncrisis group. ②Compared with noncrisis group, the incidence of headache, palpitation, sweating, the classic triad, other presentations of PPGL, severe hypertension and hypotension were higher, and more patients had paroxysmal hypertension and admitted to our hospital for paroxysmal presentations in crisis group (P<0.05). ③Leukocyte, fasting blood glucose, liver transaminases, tro-ponin and D-dimmer were higher, while estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) was lower, more tumors locat-ed in the left of adrenal in crisis group(P<0.05). ④ Patients in crisis group had higher plasma free metanephrines (MNs), larger maximal tumor diameter, higher enhanced CT value in each period, more benign tumors and hem-orrhage or necrosis in the tumors, but all the differences were not significant when compared with the noncrisis group. ⑤Patients in crisis group were more likely to undergo elective surgery. However, there was no difference in the preoperative time of α-blockade, type of surgery, intraoperative and postoperative complications, mortality a-mong the two groups. Conclusions PCC is a rare endocrinological emergency with a highly variable manifesta-tions, which commonly presents with typical triad, with higher incidence of hemodynamic instability and end-organ damage. Although biochemical and imaging examinations are relatively effective in the diagnosis of PCC, the mis-diagnosis remains inappropriate high. Once the diagnosis is established, clinicians should timely start drug prepa-ration while surgical resection is the key to the treatment of PCC.

Review and analysis of the treatment of polycentric osteosarcoma in China / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of osteosarcoma in China and analyze the incidence and clinical treatment of osteosarcoma.Methods The clinical data of 1 593 patients with osteosarcoma in 7 bone cancer treatment centers from January 2000 to February 2017 were analyzed.We retrieved large samples of documents in the database,extracted the relevant data and compared the data with this study.SPSS 13 software was used for statistical analysis and each factor was tested by x2.Results Of 1 593 patients,984 were males and 609 were females.The ratio of male to female was 1.62∶ 1.The average age was 23.2 years (range from 3-80 years).The peak age of onset was 11-20 years (52.4％).There were 217 elderly patients (＞ 40 years old).The tumors occurred in 1 524 limbs and 69 in axial bone.The most common sites of disease were distal femur 706 cases,proximal tibia 375 cases,distal humerus 117 cases and others 395 cases.There were 1 154 cases (71％) around the knee joint.The axial bone included 18 cases of spine,49 cases of pelvis and 2 cases of rib.Preoperative biopsy was performed in 1 111 cases and incisional biopsy in 280 cases.Preoperative diagnosis could be made in 1 345 cases (84.4％ of all patients,accounting for 96.7％ of biopsy patients).There were 79 cases with metastasis at first visit,accounting for 5％.Preoperative chemotherapy was performed in 1 185 cases (74.4％).With the DIA preoperative chemotherapy 271 cases,DIA+MTX 251 cases,AP 149 cases.220 cases of tumor cell necrosis rate was evaluated after operationaccording to the Huvos classification.There were78 cases of grade Ⅰ,105 cases of Ⅱ grade,35 cases of Ⅲ and 2 cases of grade Ⅳ.There were 1 299 cases undergoingpostoperative chemotherapy (81.5％),1 306 patients undergoinglimb salvage surgery (82％).Thespecific operation with prosthetic replacement is the most common (911 cases,69.8％).The postoperative chemotherapy included DIA+MTX regimen 471 cases,DIA regimen 266 cases and AP regimen 98 cases.Before and after the operation,379 cases were treated with the same chemotherapy regimen and 666 cases were changed.A total of 18 large sample documents were retrieved in Chinese data base (5 684 cases).The sex ratio,age range,peak incidence and location of the disease were similar to those of this study.The average age was 1-2 years old younger.The percentage of lung metastases associated with initial visits washigher.The rate of preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy and limb salvage waslowand the rate of tumor necrosis wasbetter after chemotherapy.A total of 22 large sample literatures were searched in foreign database (12 850 cases).The ratio of men and women is 1.30∶1 and the proportion of women is higher than the domestic data.The average age was 1-2 years older.The ratio of the knee joint was lower.The percentage of lung metastases associated with initial visits washigher.The rate of preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy and limb salvage were similar to that of this study and the rate of tumor necrosis was better after chemotherapy.Conclusion The general situation of the incidence of osteosarcoma (sex,age,location of the disease) is not significantly different from the previous reports both at home and abroad.In the treatment,preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy rate and limb salvage surgery rate have improved significantly compared with the past.The chemotherapy program from the coexistence of various programs,gradually to the DIA+MTX and DIA program as the mainstream program.

Role of autophagy in angiogenesis of retinal vascular endothelial cells under hypoxia condition / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective To study the role of autophagy in proliferation,migration and tube formation of retinal vascular endothelial cells (RVECs) under the condition of hypoxia in vitro.Methods Mouse RVECs were isolated from 50 C57BL/6J mice primarily cultured using explant culture method,and the cells were identified by immunofluorescence of CD34.Well cultured RVECs were divided into normal control group,hypoxia control group and hypoxia+ 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group.The cells in the normal control group were cultured in the normal environment for 24 hours,and the cells in the hypoxia control group were cultured 1％ O2 environment for 24 hours,and the cells in the hypoxia+3-MA group were pretreated with 5 mmol/L 3-MA for 4 hours and then exposed to 1％ O2 environment for 24 hours.Microtubule-related protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ) and Beclin-1 protein contents in the cells were detected by Western blot analysis;the ultrastructure of autophagosome was examined under the transmission electron microscope.The proliferation,migration and tube formation of the cells were detected by Click-iTEdU kit,scratch assay and matrigel,respectively.Results Primarily culture cells grew well with the cobblestone-like appearance 5-7 days after culture and showed positive response for CD34.The autophagosome number was increased in the hypoxia control group compared with the hypoxia+3-MA group and normal control group.The LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio was 0.243 ± 0.030,0.658 ± 0.032 and 0.405 ± 0.095;the relative expression of Beclin-1 protein in the cells was 0.260±0.040,0.650±0.071 and 0.461±0.089;the proliferation rate of the cells was (45.93± 6.39) ％,(22.74± 2.35) ％ and (24.12 ± 3.59) ％;the scratch healing rate of the cells was (36.02 ± 5.84) ％,(57.26±11.98) ％ and (18.16±9.73) ％;the number of tube formation was 29.20±6.10,41.40±4.04 and 22.00± 2.92 in the normal control group,hypoxia control group and hypoxia + 3-MA group,respectively,with significant differences among the groups (F =35.86,23.53,34.28,21.12,23.27;all at P＜0.01).Compared with the normal control group,the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and the expression of Beclin-1 protein,scratch healing rate and the number of tube formation were significantly increased,and the proliferation rate was significantly reduced in the hypoxia control group (all at P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the hypoxia control group,the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and the expression of Beclin-1 protein,scratch healing rate and the number of tube formation were significantly decreased in the hypoxia + 3-MA group.Conclusions Hypoxia environment activates autophagy of mouse RVECs,which enhances the migration and tube formation abilities of the cells.3-MA inhibits the angiogenesis abilities of mouse RVECs.

Value of CHCHD2 as a potential marker of non-small cell lung cancer: analysis of 60 cases / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of CHCHD2, a potential tumor marker, in tumor and adjacent tissues from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and location of CHCHD2 in the tumor tissues from 60 patients with NSCLC and 35 adjacent tissues to analyze the correlation of CHCHD2 expression with the clinicopathological variables and overall survival of the patients. The expression profile of CHCHD2 mRNA in NSCLC was analyzed using Oncomine database.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positivity rate of CHCHD2 was significantly higher in the tumor tissues than in adjacent tissues in patients with NSCLC (75.0% vs 17.1%). CHCHD2 positivity in the tumor tissues was associated with lymph node metastasis, pathological TNM stage, and tumor grades but not with age, gender, or histological type of the tumors. Analysis using Oncomine database showed that CHCHD2 mRNA was expressed at significantly higher levels in NSCLC than in normal control group (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that NSCLC patients with a positive expression of CHCHD2 had a significantly shorter overall survival time than those negative for CHCHD2 (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As a potential tumor marker, CHCHD2 over-expression plays a role in the occurrence and progression of NSCLC and promotes tumor invasion and metastasis, and can potentially serve as an indicator for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of NSCLC.</p>

Local injection of exogenous nerve growth factor improves early bone maturation of implants / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the osteogenic action of implants and the maturation and reconstruction changes in bone tissues in the early stage of osseointegration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mouse implant model was established by placing titanium in the femoral head of the mouse and locally injecting NGF in the implant zone. On 1, 2 and 4 weeks after operation, stain samples were collected from animals using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining. The effect of NGF on the bone maturation was compared at different time points of early stage osseointegration.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of HE and Masson staining indicated that the local injection of external NGF can up-regulate bone mass, amount of bone trabecula, and bone maturity in the mouse model. The mature bone rate in treatment group of 1 week and 4 weeks after operation were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NGF can shorten the period of bone maturation.</p>

Effectiveness of Glaucoma Diagnostic Parameters from Spectral Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography of Myopic Patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Currently, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) appears to be a new type of glaucoma diagnostic tool. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of glaucoma diagnostic parameters from SD-OCT of patients with different severities of myopia.@*Methods@#This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 248 participants (248 eyes) were enrolled, including 51 cases in the early primary open-angle glaucoma group, 79 cases in the control group (0.50 D to -0.50 D, excluding -0.50 D), 47 cases in the low-myopic group (-0.50 to -3.00 D, excluding -3.00 D), 43 cases in the moderate-myopic group (-3.00 to -6.00 D, excluding -6.00 D), and 28 cases in the high-myopic group (≤-6.00 D). All participants were examined using the Humphrey visual field test and SD-OCT. The SD-OCT parameters of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex were analyzed statistically using the receiver operating characteristic curve and area under the curve (AUC).@*Results@#The AUC showed that the best parameters for the control and low-myopic groups were the inferior and inferior temporal RNFL thicknesses (AUC >0.94), respectively; for the moderate- and high-myopic groups, the best parameter was the temporal low RNFL thickness (AUC, 0.926 and 0.896, respectively). The AUC of the inferior parameters of the moderate-myopic group (0.864) was lower, ranked 15 among all RNFL parameters. When the sensitivity was fixed at 85%, the specificity of the inferior, superior, inferior temporal, and superior temporal quadrants was higher (>80%) in the control and low-myopic groups, while they were lower (20-60%) for the moderate- and high-myopia groups. The green color based on the OCT database was also less for the high-myopic group compared with that of other groups (P < 0.05).@*Conclusions@#Glaucoma diagnostic parameters from SD-OCT were not clinically effective for the moderate- and high-myopic groups. The specificities were low. The moderate- and high-myopic groups require comprehensive analyses for the diagnoses of glaucoma. The SD-OCT database should be improved to better indicate the level of myopia based on the corresponding diopter readings.

Effect of rosmarinicacid on inflammatory factors and immune function for rats with oral ulcers / 医学研究生学报

Objective The pathogenesis of orla ulcer has not been fully and thoroughly studied. This study aimed to investi-gate the effect and mechanism of Rosmarinic acid (RA)on oral ulcer. Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,RA groups(20,40,80 mg/kg) and Watermelon Frost group. The control group rats were fed normally and with-out any treatment. The oral ulcer model was established in the other three groups. The oral ulcer model of rat was established by injec-tion of 40% glacial acetic acid on the oral mucosa of cheek in rat. One day after the formation of ulcers,RA(20,40,80 mg/kg) and watermelon frost (200 mg/kg) was administrated. The ulcer area was measured 3,5,7 days after establishing the model. The concen-tration of IL-18 and IL-1β in ulcer tissue was measured by ELISA method and the expression of NLRP3 mRNA was measured by qRT-PCR. Results Compared with the model group, the ulcer area in the RA group and Watermelon Frost group was significantly de-ceased(P<0.05). Compared with the control group,NLRP3,IL-18 and IL-1β in the ulcer tissue was significantly elevated in model group,RA groups (20,40,80 mg/kg) and Watermelon Frost group (P<0.01). NLRP3 expressed lower in RA (40,80 mg/kg) and wa-termelon frost (200 mg/kg) group(5.27 ± 0.53, 3.25 ± 0.46, 4.75 ± 0.51) than in model group(8.71±0.35)( P<0.05). IL-18 expressed lower in RA (40, 80 mg/kg) and watermelon frost (200 mg/kg) group [(174.21±18.21), (110.12±14.23), (142.25±12.61) pg/mL] than in model group [(246.21±26.21) pg/mL](P<0.05). IL-1β expressed lower in RA (40, 80 mg/kg) and watermelon frost(200 mg/kg) group [(94.76±7.26),(81.77±7.80),(90.21±8.71) pg/mL] than in model group [(133.01±11.69) pg/mL](P<0.05). Conclusion RA has some therapeutic effect on oral ulcers,the mechanism may be related to NLRP3.